Which statement best describes probable cause to arrest?

• A. The officer's opinion alone is sufficient.
• B. Facts and circumstances that would lead a reasonable person to believe the person committed a crime.
• C. A mere rumor from an informant suffices for an arrest.
• D. A conclusion based on a suspect's past history alone.

Answer: (B)

Probable cause to arrest is an objective standard: facts and circumstances that would lead a reasonable person to believe the person committed a crime. This means it isn’t enough for an officer to have a gut feeling or rely on personal opinion alone; there must be observable evidence or credible information that points to criminal activity. A mere rumor or tip, by itself, doesn’t meet this standard, though corroborating details can contribute. Likewise, the suspect’s past history, without current supporting facts, cannot establish probable cause. In practical terms, if the presented facts would convince a reasonable person that a crime has likely occurred and involved the suspect, that reflects probable cause.